The Indicator from Planet Money

Podbit · The Indicator from Planet Money

Why your neighbor might be paying less for their car

Explore episode Jul 15, 2026

Where this was said

Listener Q1: How Do Economists Measure Gulf State Diversification?

At 5:35 · chapter starts 2:15

Mohammed Almarzuki, a 16-year-old UAE listener, sends in a question that punches well above its age: what economic figure captures a country reinventing its entire business model away from oil? Waylon Wong brings in Columbia University senior research scholar Karen Young, who immediately names the UAE as the standout case — the most diversified of all six Gulf Cooperation Council states. She walks through three measures economists use: non-oil GDP (flawed because petrochemicals standardly qualify as non-oil products), non-oil exports tracked via UN trade data (cleaner but blind to services like tourism and finance), and government revenue sources (the deepest signal — Saudi Arabia's famous lack of income tax shows how a state can hide oil dependency even with growing non-oil activity). Karen's verdict: 'None of them are really perfect, so we can kind of triangulate around them.' The answer is to use all three together for the clearest picture.

Business
UAE: The Most Diversified Gulf Economy

Why your neighbor might be paying less for their car · Jul 15, 2026 Business

A 16-year-old listener in Abu Dhabi asked what economists track to measure a country changing its entire business model. The answer: the UAE is already the most diversified of all six Gulf Cooperation Council states — and studying it requires three overlapping, imperfect metrics rather than one clean number.

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