Snapshot · The Shawn Ryan Show
The Simons Observatory, Brian Keating's cosmology experiment in Chile's Atacama Desert, involves over 400 scientists from 40 institutions and has grown to a $200 million-plus project.
Where this was said
At 40:57 · chapter starts 31:40
Nearly 40 minutes in, Shawn Ryan delivers Keating's proper introduction — Chancellor's Distinguished Professor at UC San Diego, inventor of the BICEP telescope, principal investigator of the Simons Observatory ($100M+ array involving 400+ scientists), author of *Losing the Nobel Prize*, and host of *Into the Impossible* with 500,000 subscribers and 23 Nobel laureate guests. Keating also announces he has brought 4.3 billion-year-old meteorite fragments to give away free to the first 250 military members with APO addresses at briankeating.com/srs. A Patreon question about space weaponization launches the episode's first deep science tangent: the oldest partnership in history between astronomy and military technology.
Animals first sensed light 540 million years ago, triggering an evolutionary acceleration known as the Cambrian explosion within 10 million years.
It is estimated that half of all cortical activity in the human brain is involved in visual function, underscoring vision's central role in intelligence.
Cognitive neuroscience literature shows that by age 6, humans can recognize tens of thousands of different object categories — far more data than early AI systems were trained on.
Only about 3% of FDA-approved drugs have genuinely unclear mechanisms of action, making an unknown mechanism a meaningful early red flag for any compound.
Even compounds that clear preclinical testing often fail in humans: 30 to 50% of drugs entering phase 1 trials do not advance to phase 2, frequently because human behavior differs from animal models.
More than 80% of published BPC-157 research comes from a single academic group whose researchers have IP and commercial interests connected to the molecule, limiting independent replication.
Roughly 100 peptide drugs are already FDA-approved, about 150 more are in clinical trials, and 600–700 are in preclinical development, underscoring the legitimacy of peptide science broadly.
The scientist who discovered BPC-157 refused to disclose the screening method used to identify the compound and has never fully published the parent protein sequence — what Peter Attia calls 'scientific trust me, bro.'
The brain's visual, auditory, and motor cortices light up nearly identically whether an experience is real or imagined, making visualization a form of actual neural training.
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