CPU: ~1,000-way parallelism
A modern CPU achieves roughly 1,000-way parallelism from ~100 cores each with ~16-way vector units, far less than a GPU.
Snapshot · Dwarkesh Podcast
Reiner Pope – Chip design from the bottom up
Explore episode
May 22, 2026
Where this was said
Cache vs scratchpad
At 1:08:20 · chapter starts 1:04:07
CPU cache is 100× faster than DDR but introduces non-deterministic latency. TPU scratchpad uses explicit software instructions for each memory tier, enabling deterministic latency. Groq and TPUs advertise this. [1] — Reiner Pope "A CPU cache lets hardware silently decide whether to fetch from fast on-chip memory or slow DDR — introducing non-deterministic latency. A …" 1:03:40
Cache is ~100× faster than DDR memory
A CPU's on-chip cache is approximately two orders of magnitude (100×) faster than off-chip DDR memory, making it essential for reasonable CPU performance.
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