Modern Wisdom

Snapshot · Modern Wisdom

The Uncomfortable Science Of Sex Differences - Steve Stewart-Williams - #1120

Explore episode Jul 6, 2026

Where this was said

Why Women Outlive Men

At 2:18:38 · chapter starts 2:13:35

Stewart-Williams surveys the major physical health sex differences: men are more prone to cardiovascular disease, most cancers, and early death; women are more prone to immune disorders and pain conditions. The male mortality disadvantage is particularly stark — men die younger than women in the vast majority of cultures, including most where women face high maternal mortality. The mechanism becomes clear when you consider the Korean Joseon Dynasty eunuch data: eunuchs castrated before puberty lived significantly longer than intact males of identical social standing, directly implicating testosterone. Stewart-Williams points out we technically already have a known intervention to close the lifespan gap — it just comes with obvious drawbacks. Randy Nesse's evolutionary medicine calculation lands as the most striking statistic in this section: if male mortality rates were reduced to female levels, more years of life would be saved than if cancer were entirely cured. The 88%/90% symmetry of Darwin Awards and Carnegie Hero Awards closes the section: male risk-taking cuts in both catastrophic and heroic directions with almost identical frequency.

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