Eyesight good until 80s
Bobby's eye doctor told him, after scanning the interior of his eye with advanced equipment, that his eyesight should remain healthy into his 80s.
Similar snapshots
Data point
2-3 decades
Amyloid deposition can begin two to three decades before the onset of clinical cognitive symptoms.
Data point
25%
About 25% of community-dwelling people in their seventies have amyloid in their brains without any symptoms of dementia.
Data point
44%
By age 90, approximately 44% of community-dwelling people have brain amyloid without dementia symptoms, undermining blood-test specificity.
Data point
4%
Gayatri Devi's slow-titration protocol for APOE4 carriers on anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies yields only a 4% rate of ARIA, far below standard protocols.
Data point
98-99%
Autopsy studies show that between 98% and 99% of Alzheimer's patients have some form of concomitant primary brain pathology, most commonly vascular disease.
Data point
40%
About 40% of Alzheimer's patients eventually develop some level of Lewy body pathology, illustrating significant dementia overlap.
Data point
0.3–0.4 pts
Anti-amyloid therapies like lecanemab and donanemab show only 0.3–0.4 point improvements on the 18-point CDR Sum of Boxes scale, a modest but potentially meaningful shift.
Data point
30%
Approximately 30% of patients enrolled in Alzheimer's drug trials did not actually have Alzheimer's by pathology, having been misdiagnosed clinically.
APOE4 homozygous risk: +60% vs wild type
Carrying two copies of the APOE4 allele increases Alzheimer's risk by approximately 60% compared to the APOE3/3 wild type, analogous to carrying the BRCA gene for breast cancer.
